1150 B.C.E.), however, the trading networks collapsed and the copper mines were abandoned. With Egypt’s decline at the end of the Late Bronze Age (c. 1550–1070 B.C.E.), Egypt formed complex trade networks that supplied its empire with valuable goods, including copper-obtained from Sinai and the Arabah-that was used to produce bronze weapons and luxury objects. In addition to showing trade connections, this discovery could also provide new evidence on the reasons for the famous military expedition of the Egyptian pharaoh Shoshenq I (biblical Shishak) to the southern Levant in the mid-tenth century B.C.E.Īt the height of Egypt’s power during the New Kingdom (c. 1070 B.C.E–665 B.C.E.), showing that Egypt’s copper likely originated in the Arabah, the wide desert valley that forms the modern border between Israel and Jordan. Credit: The Israel Museum, Jerusalem, Elie Posner.Ī recent scholarly article has published new data regarding the source of Egyptian copper during the Egyptian Third Intermediate Period (c. Ushtabi of Wendjebaendjedet, a high-ranking official of Pharaoh Psusennes I.
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